Prostate Health – What Every Man Needs to Know

Prostate cancer is a topic many men might prefer to avoid, but it’s an important conversation that could save lives. It’s the most common cancer in men, particularly as they age, yet with early detection, it’s highly treatable. Let’s break down what you need to know.

What Is the Prostate?

The prostate is a small, walnut-sized gland located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Its primary function is to produce fluid that nourishes and protects sperm. As men age, the prostate can sometimes enlarge, which can lead to urinary issues. While an enlarged prostate doesn’t always indicate cancer, it’s important to be aware of changes and consult your doctor if you notice anything unusual.

Signs and Symptoms to Watch For

In the early stages, prostate cancer might not show any symptoms at all, which is why regular screening is crucial. However, as the cancer progresses, some common signs may begin to appear. These can include:

• Difficulty urinating
• A weak or interrupted flow of urine
• Frequent urination, especially at night
• Blood in the urine or semen
• Discomfort in the pelvic area

It’s important to remember that these symptoms can be caused by other conditions as well, so it’s best to consult your doctor if you experience any of them.

Who’s at Risk?

Prostate cancer primarily affects older men, with the majority of cases found in men over 65. However, it doesn’t mean younger men are immune. Family history also plays a significant role—if your father or brother had prostate cancer, your risk increases. African American men are at a higher risk as well, and studies suggest they tend to develop the disease at a younger age and more aggressively.

Prevention: Can It Be Avoided?

While there’s no surefire way to prevent prostate cancer, certain lifestyle choices can help lower your risk. Maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, staying physically active, and keeping your weight in check are all good steps. Additionally, regular screenings, such as the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, can help detect issues early, when treatment is most effective.

Take Action for Your Health

Prostate cancer is not something to ignore. If you’re over 50, or over 40 with a family history or other risk factors, talk to your doctor about screening. Don’t wait for symptoms to appear—early detection can make all the difference. By taking charge of your health today, you can protect your future.

In between screenings, self-testicular exams will help you detect any changes or abnormalities, such as lumps or swelling, which could be signs of testicular cancer.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to perform a self-testicular exam:

1. Choose the right time: It’s best to perform the exam after a warm shower or bath when the scrotal skin is relaxed.
2. Stand in front of a mirror and visually inspect the scrotum: Look for any swelling, redness, or changes in the skin texture.
3. Support the testicle: Hold your scrotum in the palm of your hand, using both hands if necessary. Allow the testicle to rest on your fingers.
4. Examine each testicle: Roll the testicle gently between your thumb and fingers to feel for any abnormal lumps, swelling, or changes in size or shape. You should examine each testicle individually.
5. Note the epididymis: Behind each testicle, you’ll feel a soft, tubular structure called the epididymis. It’s a normal part of the anatomy and should not be mistaken for an abnormal lump.
6. Check for sensation or pain: Pay attention to any pain, discomfort, or sensitivity during the exam. It’s common to feel a slight sensitivity, but any severe or persistent pain should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
7. Repeat on the other testicle: Perform the same steps on the other testicle.

It’s normal for one testicle to be slightly larger than the other, and the epididymis may feel slightly lumpy or bumpy. However, if you notice any new or unusual lumps, swelling, changes in size or shape, or other concerns, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation. They can determine whether further testing or examination is necessary.

Performing regular self-testicular exams can help you become familiar with what is normal for your body. However, it’s important to note that self-exams are not a substitute for regular medical check-ups and screenings performed by your primary care provider.

Remember, your health is in your hands. Make that appointment, ask questions, and be proactive.